Herbal Profile: Angelica

Scientific Name: Angelica archangelica
Family: Apiaceae
Common Names: Angelica, Garden Angelica, Wild Celery, Norwegian Angelica

Description:

Angelica is a biennial or perennial herb native to Europe, particularly the Nordic regions, as well as parts of Asia and North America. The plant can grow up to 6 feet tall and features large, hollow stems that are often tinged with purple. Angelica has broad, serrated leaves and greenish-white or pale yellow flowers that bloom in large, umbrella-like clusters (umbels). The roots, seeds, and leaves of the plant are all used in traditional medicine.

Traditional Uses:

Angelica has been valued in traditional medicine for its wide range of uses, particularly in European and Chinese herbal medicine. Key uses include:

  1. Digestive Health: Angelica is often used as a digestive tonic. It helps stimulate appetite, relieve indigestion, reduce bloating, and alleviate gas. The herb's bitter compounds stimulate digestive secretions and improve overall digestive function.
  2. Respiratory Health: The herb has been used to treat respiratory conditions such as bronchitis, coughs, and colds. Its expectorant properties help clear mucus from the respiratory tract, providing relief from congestion.
  3. Circulatory Health: Angelica is known to improve circulation and is sometimes used to treat poor blood flow and related conditions. It may also help reduce blood pressure and support heart health.
  4. Women's Health: In traditional Chinese medicine, a species of Angelica (Angelica sinensis or Dong Quai) is often used to regulate menstrual cycles, relieve menstrual cramps, and support overall reproductive health.
  5. Anti-Inflammatory and Antimicrobial Properties: Angelica has been traditionally used to reduce inflammation and fight infections. It has mild antimicrobial properties that make it useful in treating wounds and skin infections.

Active Compounds:

  • Coumarins: Compounds that may have anticoagulant (blood-thinning) properties and support vascular health.
  • Furanocoumarins: These contribute to the plant’s ability to increase sensitivity to sunlight, which is useful in certain skin treatments but also requires caution.
  • Volatile Oils: Contribute to the herb's digestive and respiratory benefits and provide antimicrobial effects.
  • Bitter Compounds: Stimulate digestive secretions, improving appetite and digestion.
  • Polysaccharides: Support immune function and may have anti-inflammatory properties.

Preparation and Dosage:

  1. Tea (Infusion):
  2. Tincture:
  3. Capsules/Tablets:
  4. Essential Oil:
  5. Poultice:

Safety and Precautions:

  • Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Angelica should be avoided during pregnancy as it may stimulate uterine contractions. Consult a healthcare provider before use while breastfeeding.
  • Sun Sensitivity: Due to the presence of furanocoumarins, angelica can increase sensitivity to sunlight, potentially leading to skin irritation or sunburn. Avoid excessive sun exposure when using angelica internally or externally.
  • Medication Interactions: Angelica may interact with blood-thinning medications (due to its coumarin content). Consult a healthcare professional before use if you are taking anticoagulants or have any bleeding disorders.
  • Allergic Reactions: Discontinue use if allergic reactions, such as skin rashes or respiratory discomfort, occur.

Conclusion:

Angelica is a versatile herb with a rich history in traditional medicine, valued for its digestive, respiratory, circulatory, and anti-inflammatory properties. While it offers many health benefits, it is essential to use angelica with caution, particularly regarding its potential to interact with medications and increase sun sensitivity. Always consult with a healthcare professional before incorporating angelica into your wellness routine, especially if you have underlying health conditions or are pregnant or breastfeeding.