Herbal Profile: Chamomile

Botanical Name:

• Matricaria chamomilla (German chamomile)
• Chamaemelum nobile (Roman chamomile)

Family:

• Asteraceae (daisy family)

Description:

Chamomile is a well-known herb with small, daisy-like flowers and feathery leaves. The plant typically grows to about 20-30 cm (8-12 inches) in height. German chamomile is an annual plant, while Roman chamomile is a perennial.

Parts Used:

• Flowers: The most commonly used part of the chamomile plant.

Constituents:

• Volatile oils: Including bisabolol, chamazulene, and matricin.
• Flavonoids: Such as apigenin, quercetin, and patuletin.
• Coumarins: Including herniarin and umbelliferone.
• Other compounds: Phenolic acids, tannins, and mucilage.

Traditional Uses:

• Digestive Aid: Chamomile is commonly used to relieve gastrointestinal disturbances such as indigestion, bloating, and gas.
• Calming and Relaxation: Often used in teas to promote relaxation and help with sleep disorders such as insomnia.
• Anti-inflammatory: Applied topically or consumed to reduce inflammation.
• Skin Conditions: Used in creams and ointments for skin irritations, eczema, and minor wounds.
• Menstrual Pain: Taken to alleviate menstrual cramps and other symptoms of PMS.

Medicinal Actions:

• Anti-inflammatory: Reduces inflammation both internally and externally.
• Antispasmodic: Helps to relax muscle spasms, especially in the digestive tract.
• Sedative: Calming effect on the nervous system, aiding in sleep and relaxation.
• Carminative: Relieves flatulence and settles the digestive system.
• Vulnerary: Promotes healing of wounds and skin irritations.
• Mild Astringent: Tightens and tones tissues, especially helpful for skin conditions.

Preparation and Dosage:

• Tea: Infuse 1-2 teaspoons of dried flowers in hot water for 10 minutes. Drink 1-3 times daily.
• Tincture: 1-4 ml, 1-3 times daily.
• Topical Use: Apply creams, ointments, or compresses as needed to affected areas.

Precautions:

• Allergies: Individuals allergic to plants in the Asteraceae family (such as ragweed, marigolds, daisies) may experience allergic reactions.
• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Generally considered safe, but it’s always best to consult with a healthcare provider.
• Interactions: Chamomile may interact with blood-thinning medications, so caution is advised for individuals on such medications.

Research:

• Studies have supported chamomile’s effectiveness in reducing anxiety, improving sleep quality, and its anti-inflammatory properties.

Other Uses:

• Cosmetics: Incorporated in various skin and hair care products due to its soothing and anti-inflammatory properties.
• Aromatherapy: Chamomile essential oil is used in aromatherapy for its calming and relaxing effects.

Chamomile is a versatile and widely used herb known for its gentle yet effective healing properties. It’s a staple in many herbal medicine cabinets and is valued for its ability to promote relaxation, soothe the digestive system, and support skin health.